Help Me to Find My People
Help Me to Find My People: The African American Search for Family Lost in Slavery
HEATHER ANDREA WILLIAMS
Series: The John Hope Franklin Series in African American History and Culture
Copyright Date: 2012
Published by: University of North Carolina Press
Pages: 264
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9780807882658_williams
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Book Info
Help Me to Find My People
Book Description:

After the Civil War, African Americans placed poignant "information wanted" advertisements in newspapers, searching for missing family members. Inspired by the power of these ads, Heather Andrea Williams uses slave narratives, letters, interviews, public records, and diaries to guide readers back to devastating moments of family separation during slavery when people were sold away from parents, siblings, spouses, and children. Williams explores the heartbreaking stories of separation and the long, usually unsuccessful journeys toward reunification. Examining the interior lives of the enslaved and freedpeople as they tried to come to terms with great loss, Williams grounds their grief, fear, anger, longing, frustration, and hope in the history of American slavery and the domestic slave trade.Williams follows those who were separated, chronicles their searches, and documents the rare experience of reunion. She also explores the sympathy, indifference, hostility, or empathy expressed by whites about sundered black families. Williams shows how searches for family members in the post-Civil War era continue to reverberate in African American culture in the ongoing search for family history and connection across generations.

eISBN: 978-1-4696-0168-7
Subjects: Sociology, History
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  1. Front Matter
    Front Matter (pp. [i]-[vi])
  2. Table of Contents
    Table of Contents (pp. vii-xii)
  3. Introduction
    Introduction (pp. 1-18)

    This is a book about slavery and family and loss and longing. It is a book about emotions. It is about love and loneliness and grief, about anger, and about fear, joy, hope, and despair. It is about the forced separation of thousands of African American families, about their grief, and about their determined hope to someday see each other again. The feelings are grounded in the material conditions of slavery in the American South, so the book places emotions within a historical context that includes the domestic slave trade, the expansion of the United States, the Civil War, and...

  4. PART 1. SEPARATION
    • Fine Black Boy for Sale Separation and Loss among Enslaved Children
      Fine Black Boy for Sale Separation and Loss among Enslaved Children (pp. 21-46)

      Early in the fall of 1836, N. A. Hinkle of Snickersville, Virginia, wrote a letter of five lines to slave trader William Crow in Charles Town, Virginia. “A friend of mine,” the letter said, “has a fine Black Boy that is now in the market for Sale and I told him that I would write to you about him he is about 12 years old not tall for his age but verry stout. You had better come over or send some word immediately about him if you want to get him.”¹ The brief communication was layered with significance: A child...

    • Let No Man Put Asunder Separation of Husbands and Wives
      Let No Man Put Asunder Separation of Husbands and Wives (pp. 47-88)

      Enslaved people learned as children that they were vulnerable to sale; as adults they grasped the realization that even their most private and intimate relationships lacked sanctity in the larger white society and could not be protected from the interference of slaveowners and slave traders. Children lost their parents, siblings, or extended families to the domestic slave trade; in adulthood they stood to lose their spouses as well. One of the many challenges that African Americans encountered in slavery took place on this ground of family separation in a world in which owners possessed the absolute right to sell slaves,...

    • They May See Their Children Again White Attitudes toward Separation
      They May See Their Children Again White Attitudes toward Separation (pp. 89-116)

      African Americans described with poignant power the grief they felt at losing their parents, children, sisters, brothers, husbands, and wives. Whether they beseeched owners and traders to spare children from separation or stood in stoic silence in the face of unspeakable grief, the pain was palpable. And in the midst of these jarring separations there were almost always white people—masters, mistresses, traders, auctioneers, purchasers—participants in the separations and witnesses to the pain. Into the routine of life in the slave South came visitors from northern states who stood on the sidelines watching as separations occurred. Although not directly...

  5. PART 2. THE SEARCH
    • Blue Glass Beads Tied in a Rag of Cotton Cloth The Search for Family during Slavery
      Blue Glass Beads Tied in a Rag of Cotton Cloth The Search for Family during Slavery (pp. 119-138)

      “They may see their children again in time,” Thomas Chaplin wrote as he ruminated over his decision to sell ten people. Indeed, seeing each other again was the hope and the intention of African Americans who lost their families. Their search began in slavery even as they reeled from losing relatives at an auction, in a private sale, or in a caravan that accompanied a white, slaveowning family into new territory. As the runaway ads in newspapers attest, some people set out on the roads to get back to relatives from whom they had been separated. Others relied on word...

    • Information Wanted The Search for Family after Emancipation
      Information Wanted The Search for Family after Emancipation (pp. 139-168)

      In 1864 Thomas Chaplin scribbled notes in the margins of his journal updating some of the entries from 1845. On May 4, 1845, he had written regarding the sale of ten slaves: “I cannot express my feelings on seeing so many faithful Negroes going away from me forever, not for any fault of their own but for my extravagance. It is a dearly bought lesson, and I hope I will benefit by it.” On May 5, 1845, he wrote of how unpleasant it was to watch the people leaving. “The Negroes at home are quite disconsolate but this will soon...

  6. PART 3. REUNIFICATION
    • Happiness Too Deep for Utterance Reunification of Families
      Happiness Too Deep for Utterance Reunification of Families (pp. 171-188)

      Most people never found their relatives. Too many miles and too many years lay between them. As Tines Kendricks, a former slave from Georgia told an interviewer, “They was heaps of families that I know what was separated in the time of bondage that tried to find they folks what was gone. But the most of them never get together again even after they set free because they don’t know where one or the other is.”¹

      The rare accounts of reunification that survive help us to begin to get a sense of the intensity of the feelings people experienced. Stories...

    • Epilogue Help Me To Find My People Genealogies of Separation
      Epilogue Help Me To Find My People Genealogies of Separation (pp. 189-202)

      The loss of their families during slavery weighed heavily on African Americans. It was wrenching. It was unthinkable. It was a violation of the inviolate. As some children learned, a large part of what made someone a slave was the vulnerability to being sold and the powerlessness to prevent the loss of parents, siblings, spouses, family. People did not forget the loss, and they did not forget the power of the individuals and the institution that caused such pain. First the possibility and then the reality of separation hung as a haunting presence in the lives of African Americans during...

  7. Notes
    Notes (pp. 203-224)
  8. Bibliography
    Bibliography (pp. 225-234)
  9. Acknowledgments
    Acknowledgments (pp. 235-238)
  10. Index
    Index (pp. 239-251)
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