Russia-Turkey relations have witnessed a tremendous change in the last three decades. Throughout this time so many structural changes have happened at the national level and international system. These changes have eliminated barriers at the bilateral level and brought new dynamics to their dialogue.

Following the military coup in 12 September 1980, Ankara and Moscow agreed to stimulate their economic relations by starting a barter-style trade regime. The natural gas agreement in 1984 became the backbone of this relationship and opened the Russian market to Turkish entrepreneurs. When the Berlin Wall collapsed and the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, Turkey...

Turkey-Russia relations have historically been based on rivalry and great wars, but a rapid transformation process is now pulling the two countries toward friendship and cooperation.

The history of Turkish-Russian relations is over five centuries long. Ups and downs in relations over the span of five centuries are as inevitable for these countries as it is for any other two neighbors. Along with these memories, their opposition during the Cold War contributed to each country viewing the other primarily as a threat. However, circumstances have led to stretches of warm bilateral relations as well. For instance, the Soviet Union and...

Russia and Turkey, with their respective GDPs of $1.858 trillion and $775 billion, are both G20 members. Both are upper middle-income class countries according to the World Bank.

Both are connected to the world economy through their World Trade Organization membership, and they are both mainly foreign-trade oriented economies. These characteristics are what make Russia and Turkey prominent economic actors in Eurasia.

In this part of the report the dynamics that define the economic relations between Russia and Turkey will be scrutinized. First the profile of economic relations will be analyzed. Second, institutional structures like the Joint Economic Commission and...

Politics and economy are important components of the bilateral relations. However, social interactions have taken precedence over political relations as interaction between societies and individuals has developed tremendously.

In this part of the report these dimensions of Turkish-Russian relations will be scrutinized. In this regard, this part is composed of three parts namely, tourism, education and culture.

Tourism has not only become a significant source of economic gain, but also introduced Turkish and Russian people to each other. Increased with mutual visits, social interactions have become a factor serving to reduce prejudices, which was shaped by the Cold War dynamics....