Jack Toffey's War: A Son's Memoir
Jack Toffey's War: A Son's Memoir
JOHN J. TOFFEY
Copyright Date: 2008
Published by: Fordham University Press
Pages: 280
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt13wzw3t
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Jack Toffey's War: A Son's Memoir
Book Description:

"I see this book as the story my father never got to tell," John Toffey writes. And what a remarkable story it is that Lt. Col. Jack Toffey never got to tell. In this moving account of a young man's journey to know a father who went to war in 1942 and never came back, John Toffey weaves memory, history, and his father's vivid letters home into a fascinating tale of a family, a war, and the threads that connect them. John Toffey was nine when his father's National Guard outfit was mobilized. For two years Toffey, his mother, and his sister moved from post to post before his dad shipped out-to North Africa, fighting the Vichy French in Morocco, then the Germans in Tunisia, where he was wounded. In July 1943 he went back to war, leading an infantry battalion in the invasions of Sicily and southern Italy. In January 1944 he landed his battalion at Anzio and was wounded again. After a long, bitter stalemate, Toffey's regiment led Mark Clark's push on Rome. On June 3, 1944, Jack Toffey was killed in the hill town of Palestrina, one day before the Allies marched intoRome. In a brutal campaign, Jack Toffey had commanded a combat battalion longer than any other officer in the Mediterranean theater.Only in 1996, when his father's letters were discovered, did John Toffey begin to piece together what happened to his father. And he tells this contested story of Allied success and failure with drama, steely reserve, and balance, adding an invaluable perspective to the portrait of Jack Toffey created by Rick Atkinson in his bestselling Day of Battle. This book is also a lovingly crafted portrait of home front Ohio, and how a young boy, his sister, and his mother waited out their war, scanning newspapers and magazines for news of Dad and devouring letters full of easy humor and expressions of love for and pride in his family and dreams of a good life after the war.

eISBN: 978-0-8232-4804-9
Subjects: History
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  1. Front Matter
    Front Matter (pp. i-vi)
  2. Table of Contents
    Table of Contents (pp. vii-viii)
  3. PREFACE
    PREFACE (pp. ix-xiv)
  4. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (pp. xv-xvii)
  5. [Illustrations]
    [Illustrations] (pp. xviii-xx)
  6. chapter one THE FIRST LETTER
    chapter one THE FIRST LETTER (pp. 1-10)

    That is probably the first letter I ever wrote to my father. There may have been an earlier one, but I doubt it, because until I wrote that letter, our family—my father, mother, sister, and I—stayed close enough together to stick to voice communication. Furthermore, I was then less than three months past my ninth birthday, and in all likelihood my previous epistolary efforts were parentally induced thank-you notes to grandparents and a few great aunts and uncles. Because each of our parents was an only child, my sister and I were without genuine aunts and uncles, though...

  7. chapter two YOUNG JACK
    chapter two YOUNG JACK (pp. 11-21)

    My father was born into the Army. It happened on Saturday, August 31, 1907, at Fort Wayne, near Detroit, Michigan, where his father, a captain, was serving as adjutant of the Seventh Infantry Regiment. The most complete record of my father’s first year is in a little book entitledOur Baby’s History, which not only documents the first months of my father’s life but also gives a sense of what constituted special moments in the life of an infant in the first decade of the twentieth century. We learn what he weighed at birth, when he was given his first...

  8. chapter three FORT DIX AND THE FORTY-FOURTH DIVISION
    chapter three FORT DIX AND THE FORTY-FOURTH DIVISION (pp. 22-38)

    When Dad finished maneuvers at Pine Camp that August and returned to Cincinnati, the choices available to my parents were probably three: Mom, Anne, and I could stay in Cincinnati at least until Dad’s military assignment became clearer; we could go to Columbus, move in with Granny and Homer and await further developments; or we could pack up and follow Dad wherever he was sent. At this point, mobilization did not seem to mean that war was inevitable. As President Roosevelt had said and would say again to the American people, “Your boys are not going to be sent into...

  9. chapter four COAST TO COAST, 1942
    chapter four COAST TO COAST, 1942 (pp. 39-55)

    In January 1942, the 114th Infantry was ordered to Camp Claiborne, Louisiana. Dad went with the regiment, while Mom, Anne, and I cleared out of the house in Jobstown, loaded the car, and drove out to Columbus, where we picked up Homer, who would drive with us the rest of the way.

    Memories of the sights along the way are few and dim, except for the Irvin Cobb Hotel in Paducah, Kentucky, recommended by Duncan Hines because of its “splendid reputation for fine Southern hospitality and food.”¹ Tiger, our peripatetic cat, was with us, and we had to sneak her...

  10. chapter five FRENCH MOROCCO
    chapter five FRENCH MOROCCO (pp. 56-72)

    We were probably still in North Carolina when the Sixtieth Regimental Combat Team pulled out of its staging area at Fort Bragg and headed for its port of embarkation at Norfolk, Virginia. Upon arriving on October 14, Dad’s Third Battalion boarded theSusan B. Anthony, a twelve-year-old former Grace Line passenger steamer of 504 feet and 8,101 gross tons. Taken over by the navy in 1942, she was outfitted with one five-inch and four three-inch guns. She could carry somewhat more than two thousand troops. Originally christened theSanta Clara, theAnthonyquickly acquired from some of her soldier-passengers the...

  11. chapter six TUNISIA
    chapter six TUNISIA (pp. 73-85)

    The Sixtieth Regimental Combat Team was ordered eastward. Vehicles would travel in convoys, while most of the troops would travel by train. In a letter dated January 30, General Eddy put Dad in command of one of the trains. The responsibility would be great, the general said: “Each mile will bring you closer within range of hostile aircraft, saboteurs and parachutists.” With the reputation of the division at stake, the general asked Dad “to do all within [his] power to make that reputation one of which we can both be proud,” concluding by reminding Dad that the comfort of his...

  12. chapter seven ALGERIAN INTERLUDE
    chapter seven ALGERIAN INTERLUDE (pp. 86-98)

    At home, we did not learn of Dad’s having been wounded for two weeks. Then came the telegram, addressed to Mom at Homer’s house (the only permanent address we knew when Dad went overseas). Homer and Granny grimly drove the few blocks to our house with the cold, stark news.

    Deeply regret to inform you your husband lieutenant colonel john j toffey jr infantry was seriously wounded in action in north africa area march 24 reports will be forwarded when received.

    Ulio the adjutant general

    On March 27 and again on March 28 Dad wrote to Mom, hoping that either...

  13. chapter eight SICILY
    chapter eight SICILY (pp. 99-115)

    “At last I am back in the Army and it certainly feels good,” Dad wrote on June 15. “The hospital interlude was of course perfectly grand but you can[’t] win or finish wars in there.” Though he missed his old outfit, “life in the new outfit is pleasant from above but the talent below leaves much to be desired in comparison with those I left—sort of slow and exasperating but we’ll get it whipped into shape or know why.” He told us to watch the newsreels because the regiment had paraded before King George VI of England.

    During most...

  14. chapter nine SUMMER INTERLUDES
    chapter nine SUMMER INTERLUDES (pp. 116-128)

    About the time the American Seventh Army invaded Sicily, Mom, Anne, and I packed up and went east to spend the summer with Dad’s family at Great Neck, on Long Island’s north shore. Going to Great Neck had become a routine. Homer always drove us to Union Station on North High Street. Fred, the gateman, let us go down to the platform before the train arrived. As the big steam engine rolled by, the engineer, high in the cab, waved one gauntleted hand as he pulled with the other a lever that eased the train to a halt. Conductors and...

  15. chapter ten SOUTHERN ITALY
    chapter ten SOUTHERN ITALY (pp. 129-148)

    Dad and his new outfit missed the first battles on mainland Europe. The Salerno beaches and plain are ringed by hills and split by the Sele River. South of the Sele River, the American VI Corps under Major General Ernest J. Dawley was to drive inland and take the high ground that overlooked the Salerno plain. A shortage of landing craft forced VI Corps to use only one division in its assault. When the men of the untested Thirty-sixth Division waded ashore near the ruins of Paestum, instead of happy, noncombative Italians, they found tough, veteran German troops.

    The Thirty-sixth...

  16. chapter eleven ITALIAN INTERLUDE
    chapter eleven ITALIAN INTERLUDE (pp. 149-160)

    As George Biddle began his journey back to the States, the men of the “Can-Do” Regiment were settling in for rest and relaxation around Statigliano and partaking of the creature comforts unavailable during their fifty-nine days in the line. They moved into walled tents. Showers were up and running by the end of the first day, and the Red Cross began dispensing coffee, doughnuts, and conversation. To speed communication with the folks at home, EFM cable services were available. On November 20, clubs for the enlisted men and officers opened. There were a movie and a band concert. And there...

  17. chapter twelve ANZIO: THE CAN-DOS
    chapter twelve ANZIO: THE CAN-DOS (pp. 161-180)

    When the Fifth Army halted on November 15, it had struggled for two months to gain some eighty miles of Italy. Ahead lay the Liri Valley, the gateway to Rome. But between the Fifth Army and the Liri Valley were three formidable German defensive lines. An end run around these defenses seemed like a good idea, provided it could be brought off without interfering logistically or strategically with the cross-channel invasion of France, now less than six months away. Urged on by Churchill, the High Command ordered Operation Shingle, the Anzio landings, to begin on January 22.

    General Clark had...

  18. [Illustrations]
    [Illustrations] (pp. None)
  19. chapter thirteen Anzio: THE WILLING AND ABLES
    chapter thirteen Anzio: THE WILLING AND ABLES (pp. 181-196)

    Around the palace and trailers of Fifth Army Headquarters at Caserta, Lieutenant Colonel Wiley H. O’Mohundro was restless. In thirty years in the army he had seen very little combat. At the Arzew amphibious training center in North Africa he had worked with General O’Daniel, a friend since 1918 and now Third Division commander. Before the Salerno landings he had said to O’Daniel, “For twenty-five years I have been explaining why I saw no combat in World War I; I’d hate to do so after World War II. I would like to smell a little powder in this one.” He...

  20. chapter fourteen THE ROADS TO ROME
    chapter fourteen THE ROADS TO ROME (pp. 197-209)

    On Friday, May 5, General Alexander visited General Truscott at his headquarters on the beachhead. For VI Corps’s breakout, General Truscott and his staff had prepared four different plans named for an incongruous assemblage of fauna. Operation Grasshopper called for VI Corps to strike east to make the quickest possible linkup with the main body of the Fifth Army. Operation Buffalo called for an attack to the northeast against Cisterna and then on to Valmontone,¹ cutting the German Tenth Army’s escape route on Highway 6. Operation Turtle had VI Corps attacking along the Anzio-Rome road north through Campoleone to cut...

  21. chapter fifteen THE PATHS OF GLORY
    chapter fifteen THE PATHS OF GLORY (pp. 210-228)

    In Columbus we were unaware of what had happened, unaware that we were living in what George Biddle had called the “few days of grace” between fact and notification. In the newspapers we had been following the big Italian offensive since it began on May 23. On Wednesday, May 24, my thirteenth birthday, our morning paper proclaimed, “Allied Armies Hurled at Rome. Clark personally directs attack at beachhead.” The paper called it “the greatest Allied attacking force yet thrown into battle in this war outside the Russian front.”¹ We knew that Dad was somewhere in all that action and that...

  22. EPILOGUE
    EPILOGUE (pp. 229-234)

    All these years later, it seems as though life in the summer of 1944 was a lot like life before Dad’s death, only without the letters. It was still Mom, Anne, and I, just as it had been for the almost twenty months that Dad was overseas. While he was away, I hadn’t thought seriously about Dad’s not coming home. Mom, on the other hand, must have been unable to put from her mind for very long the image of the dreadful telegram. Still, she kept her fear from Anne and me, just as she and Dad had kept from...

  23. NOTES
    NOTES (pp. 235-252)
  24. SOURCES
    SOURCES (pp. 253-260)
  25. INDEX
    INDEX (pp. 261-270)
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